語法揭秘 | 高中英語從句結構的省略

復合句中的省略

a) 復合句中從句的句尾和主句相重復時從句的句尾部分可省掉

Mary is going to sweep the floor because Alice won't (sweep the floor).

b) 含有定語從句的復合句

W's English

①定語從句中可以省略作賓語的關系代詞；非正式文體中，也可省略關系副詞when或why.

I shall never forget the day (when) I entered TV University.

I like the film for the very reason (why) you dislike it.

②關系代詞as后面的主謂結構也可省略

He gave the same answer as (he had given) before.

c) 含有賓語從句的復合句

①在兩個并列的that從句如主動詞及其賓語、表語、狀語等都一樣時可將第二個that從句的主動詞及隨帶成份省略。

I guess Lisa will dance in the party but Jane won't (dance in the party).

W's English

②在兩個并列的that從句如主語相同，而謂語不同，可把第二個that從句的連詞和主語一起省略。

Tell Peter that I'll call to see him and (that I 'll ) have talk with him.

③在兩個并列從句如連詞不同而其它成份相同時，可省略第一分句和第二分句相同的部分，只把兩個連詞連接起來。

Her parents don't know when (she was born) and where she was born.

④在以某些形容詞或過去分詞，如：sure, glad, certain, pleased, happy, afraid, surprised, satisfied的詞所引導的賓語從句中，連詞that可省略。

We aren't sure which the best is.

I was very pleased my friend had passed the exam.

⑤在以which, when, where, how和why引導的賓語從句中，其謂語與主句謂語相同時省略全部謂語，有時甚至主語也可省略，只保留一個w h～的詞。

He can't go to school, but I don't know why (he can't go to school).

W's English

d) 含有狀語從句的復合句

狀語從句中的省略原則是，如主語與主句主語一致，或主語是it，可省略從句的連接詞、主語和be助動詞，只保留分詞和其它成分，從而使語言更加簡潔明了。

①京戲時間狀語從句中的省略

I favor English when (I was) a pupil.

②地點狀語從句中的省略

The river is clean where (it is) deep.

③讓步狀語從句中的省略

Although (she was) the youngest of the group, she won all the prizes.

④方式狀語從句中的省略

The baby closed his eyes as if ( he were ) to sleep.

⑤條件狀語從句中的省略

She won't come unless (she is) invited.

W's English

⑥原因狀語從句中的省略

(If we were) Given more attention, the plants could have grown better.

⑦比較狀語從句中的省略

You can play the game just as wonderfully as I (do).

在以than和as引導的比較結構的狀語從句中，省略某些與主句相同的成分或在特定上下文中有某些不言而喻的成分，可省掉整個as/than從句。

The pianos in the other shop will be cheaper (than those in this shop), but (they are) not as good (as those in this shop).

⑧狀語從句中并列結構的省略

在復合句中，如兩個并列的狀語從句只是從屬連詞不同，其它相同時，則可省略一個狀語從句，而把兩個從屬連詞連接起來。

They will be arriving either before (the film begins) or after the film begins.

虛擬語氣條件句中if的省略

與If引導的條件從句中含有were, had時，可將if省略，并用倒裝結構。

Were I you, I wouldn't go with him.